Les Amérindiens sont les indigènes des Amériques. Cavalli-Sforza, Menozzi et Piazza ont confirmé que les Amérindiens formaient un cluster génétique distinct.
1. Q.I des Amérindiens en Amérique du nord
2. Q.I des Amérindiens en Amérique Latine
3. Q.I des hybrides Amérindiens-Européens
4. Capacité crânienne des Amérindiens et des Européens
5. Q.I des Hispaniques
1. Q.I des Amérindiens en Amérique du nord
La valeur moyenne est de 86.
Table 12.1. IQs of Native Americans in North America
COUNTRY | AGE | N | TEST | IQ | VERB | VIS | REFERENCE | |
1 | USA | 6/11 | 715 | Otis | 86 | – | – | Hunter & Sommermier, 1922 |
2 | USA | 9/13 | 1102 | National | 69 | – | – | Garth, 1925 |
3 | USA | 5/9 | 961 | Pinter/Nat | 85 | – | – | Haught, 1934 |
4 | USA | 9/14 | 1000 | Otis | 70 | – | – | Garth and Smith, 1937 |
5 | USA | 6/11 | 323 | McArthur | 88 | – | – | Havighurst et al., 1944 |
6 | USA | 6/13 | 205 | CPM | 93 | – | – | Turner & Penfold, 1952 |
7 | USA | 16 | 100 | WAIS | 86 | 82 | 91 | Howell et al., 1958 |
8 | USA | 6/15 | 281 | SPM | 85 | – | – | West & MacArthur, 1964 |
9 | USA | 8/17 | 4994 | – | 91 | 87 | – | Coleman, 1966 |
10 | Canada | 6/14 | 124 | CF | 76 | – | – | Gaddes et al., 1968 |
11 | Canada | 13 | 137 | SPM | 94 | – | – | Bowd, 1973 |
12 | Canada | 5/11 | 111 | CPM | 92 | – | – | Cropley & Cardey, 1975 |
13 | USA | 6/20 | 160 | WISC | 90 | 70 | 90 | St. John et al., 1976 |
14 | Canada | 6/13 | 177 | WISC-R | 82 | 80 | 85 | Seyfort et al., 1980 |
15 | USA | 6/13 | 177 | WISC-R | 87 | – | 87 | Teeter et al., 1982 |
16 | USA | 6/12 | 236 | WISC-R | 94 | 88 | 100 | McShane & Plas, 1984 |
17 | USA | 6/16 | 200 | WISC-R | 93 | – | 93 | Browne, 1984 |
18 | USA | 14 | 124 | SPM | 87 | – | – | Sidles & MacAvoy, 1987 |
19 | Canada | 11 | 50 | R/V/S | 87 | 79 | 87 | Vernon, 1987 |
20 | USA | 6/16 | 1129 | SPM | 93 | – | – | Raven & Court, 1989 |
21 | USA | 6/16 | 240 | WISC-R | 72 | 68 | 78 | Reynolds et al., 1999 |
22 | USA | 6/15 | 691 | WISC-R | 80 | 83 | 89 | Beiser & Gotowiec, 2000 |
23 | USA | 9 | 99 | WAIS | 84 | 84 | – | Tsethlikai, 2011 |
2. Q.I des Amérindiens en Amérique Latine
La valeur moyenne est de 86.
Table 12.3. IQs of Native Americans in Latin America
COUNTRY | AGE | N | TEST | IQ | REFERENCE | |
1 | Colombia | 4 | 120 | QR | 84 | Ginsburg et al., 1997 |
2 | Ecuador | 6/7 | 48 | DAM | 89 | Dodge, 1969 |
3 | Ecuador | 17 | 120 | WISC-R | 88 | Fierro-Benitez et al., 1989 |
4 | Ecuador | 5/17 | 104 | MAT | 80 | Proctor et al., 2000 |
5 | Ecuador | 8 | 41 | CPM | 91 | Counter et al., 1998 |
6 | Guatemala | 6/12 | 256 | DAM | 79 | Johnson et al., 1967 |
7 | Mexico | 6/13 | 520 | DAM | 87 | Modiano, 1962 |
8 | Mexico | 6/12 | 197 | DAM | 92 | Laosa et al., 1974 |
9 | Mexico | 7/11 | 194 | SPM | 83 | Lynn et al., 2005 |
10 | Mexico | 15 | - | PISA | 86 | Lynn & Mikk, 2009 |
11 | Peru | 8/11 | 4382 | CPM | 87 | Raven et al., 1995 |
12 | Peru | 6/7 | 300 | WISC | 85 | Llanos, 1974 |
3. Q.I des hybrides Amérindiens-Européens
Table 12.4. IQs of Native American-European Hybrids
Location | Age | Test | Europeans | Hybrids | Amerinds | Reference | ||||
N | IQ | N | IQ | N | IQ | |||||
1 | Kansas | Adult | OTIS | - | 100 | 536 | 93 | 179 | 67 | Hunter & Sommermeir, 1922 |
2 | South Dakota | 10-15 | OTIS | - | 100 | 68 | 89 | 15 | 86 | Fitzgerald & Ludeman, 1925 |
3 | Mexico | 7-10 | SPM | 155 | 98 | 571 | 94 | 194 | 83 | Lynn et al., 2005 |
4. Capacité crânienne des Amérindiens en comparaison avec les Européens
Table 12.5. Brain sizes (cc) of Native Americans and Europeans
Europeans | Native Americans | Difference | Reference | |
1 | 1,426 | 1,420 | 6 | Gould, 1981 |
2 | 1,369 | 1,366 | 3 | Beals et al., 1984 |
3 | 1,319 | 1,240 | 79 | Jurgens et al., 1990 |
5. Q.I des Hispaniques (hybrides Africains-Européens-Amérindiens dans des proportions variées)
La valeur moyenne est de 89.
Table 12.6. IQs of Hispanics in the United States
COUNTRY | AGE | N | TEST | IQ | VER | VIS | REFERENCE | |
1 | N. Mexico | 6/12 | 100 | Binet | 89 | - | - | Sheldon, 1924 |
2 | USA | 6/12 | 367 | DAM | 87 | - | - | Goodenough, 1926b |
3 | California | 6/13 | 2025 | SPM/LT/SA | 91 | 90 | - | Jensen, 1973b |
4 | California | 6/12 | 644 | CPM/PPVT | 90 | 84 | - | Jensen, 1974 |
5 | California | 7/13 | 608 | CPM/SPM | 95 | - | - | Jensen, 1974 |
6 | California | 6/11 | 597 | CPM | 83 | - | - | Raven, 1986 |
7 | Texas | 6/11 | 434 | CPM | 94 | - | - | Raven, 1986 |
8 | Texas | 9/12 | 404 | SPM | 84 | - | - | Raven, 1986 |
9 | USA | 12/23 | 111 | SB4 | 99 | - | - | Thorndike et al., 1986 |
10 | USA | 3/18 | 550 | PPVT-R | 87 | 87 | - | Dunn, 1988 |
11 | Puerto Rico | 8/15 | 2911 | SPM | 84 | - | - | Raven & Court, 1989 |
12 | Puerto Rico | 5/11 | 2400 | SPM | 83 | - | - | Raven et al., 1995 |
13 | USA | 20/90 | 37 | K-BIT | 93 | 85 | - | Kaufman & Wang, 1992 |
14 | USA | 14/22 | 3120 | AFQT | 86 | - | - | Herrnstein & Murray, 1994 |
15 | USA | 11/93 | 140 | KAIT | 92 | 87 | - | Kaufman et al., 1994 |
16 | USA | 16/74 | 1736 | GATB | 88 | 91 | 94 | Avolio & Waldman, 1994 |
17 | USA | 6/16 | 242 | WISC-111 | 91 | 89 | 95 | Prifitera et al., 1998 |
18 | Arizona | 6/16 | 223 | WISC-R | 81 | 81 | 83 | Reynolds et al., 1999 |
19 | USA | 20/89 | 163 | WAIS-111 | 92 | 89 | 96 | Kaufman & Lichtenberger, 2002 |
20 | USA | Adults | - | Meta-analysis | 89 | - | - | Roth et al., 2001 |
21 | USA | 5/17 | 77 | UNIT | 93 | - | 87 | Kane, 2007 |
Références pour l’ensemble de la page: « Race differences in intelligence. An evolutionary Analysis », Chapitre 12 pp.101-109, Richard Lynn, Washington Summit Publisher, 1ère édition 2006 et 2ème édition 2015.